Sanitation services

Sanitation services

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Sanitation services
Sanitation services
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SectorMost major industry classification systems use sources of revenue as their basis for classifying companies into specific sectors, subsectors and industries. In order to group like companies based on their sustainability-related risks and opportunities, SASB created the Sustainable Industry Classification System® (SICS®) and the classification of sectors, subsectors and industries in the SDG Investor Platform is based on SICS.
Infrastructure
Utilities
Business Model Description

Provide affordable sanitation services and wash stations, such as public latrines, to underserved areas.

Expected Impact

Avoid health hazards and improve people's living standards through safe and affordable sanitation services.

How is this information gathered?
Updated: 27 Sep, 2021 Date of Production: 1 Feb, 2021
Ghana
Indicative ReturnDescribes the rate of growth an investment is expected to generate within the IOA. The indicative return is identified for the IOA by establishing its Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Return of Investment (ROI) or Gross Profit Margin (GPM).
20% - 25% (in IRR)
Investment TimeframeDescribes the time period in which the IOA will pay-back the invested resources. The estimate is based on asset expected lifetime as the IOA will start generating accumulated positive cash-flows.
Medium Term (5–10 years)
Market SizeDescribes the value of potential addressable market of the IOA. The market size is identified for the IOA by establishing the value in USD, identifying the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) or providing a numeric unit critical to the IOA.
One in every three households in Ghana does not have access to improved sanitation.
Direct ImpactDescribes the primary SDG(s) the IOA addresses.
No Poverty (SDG 1) Good health and well-being (SDG 3) Clean water and sanitation (SDG 6)
Indirect ImpactDescribes the secondary SDG(s) the IOA addresses.
Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (SDG 9) Reduced Inequalities (SDG 10) Sustainable Cities and Communities (SDG 11)
ECOLOO toilet in action
Photo by Solar Impulse / ECOLOO
Case Study: ECOLOO offers water-free biological toilets improving sanitation and saving lives
ECOLOO, a UNDP Business Call to Action (BCtA) member, specializes in sustainable water, sanitation and hygiene solutions and provides sustainable and affordable toilets to low-income communities.
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Sector Sources
  • (I) World Bank database. https://data.worldbank.org/ (II) Sachs, J., Schmidt-Traub, G., Kroll, C., Lafortune, G., Fuller, G., Woelm, F. 2020. The Sustainable Development Goals and COVID-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (III) Republic of Ghana (2017). Medium-Term National Development Policy Framework: An Agenda for Jobs: Creating Prosperity and Equal Opportunity for All (First Step) 2018-2021. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/new-ndpc-static1/CACHES/PUBLICATIONS/2018/08/23/Medium-term+Policy+Framework-Final+June+2018.pdf (IV) Centre for Affordable Finance in Africa (2019). Africa Housing Finance Yearbook 2019 – Ghana Country Profile. http://housingfinanceafrica.org/app/uploads/V14-GHANA-PROFILEKF-2.pdf
IOA Sources
  • (1), (2), (6) Ghana Statistical Service (2019). Survey Findings Report. Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017/2018. https://statsghana.gov.gh/gssmain/fileUpload/pressrelease/MICS%20SFR%20final_compressed.pdf (3), (4) Republic of Ghana (2019). Ghana Voluntary National Report On The Implementation Of The 2030 Agenda For Sustainable Development. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/23420Ghanas_VNR_report_Final.pdf (5) Unicef.org.( n.d.). Sanitation. https://www.unicef.org/ghana/sanitation (7) Graham, J. and Polizzotto, M. (2013). ‘Pit Latrines and Their Impacts on Groundwater Quality: a Systematic Review’, Environmental Health Perspectives. https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/pdf/10.1289/ehp.1206028 (8) Hitzhusen, F. (2011). An Economic Analysis of Poorly Sited Septic Systems. Conference Paper. Water Resources Management. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271435555_An_economic_analysis_of_poorly_sited_septic_systems (9) Howard, G., Calow, R. and MacDonald, A. (2016). ‘Climate Change and Water and Sanitation: Likely Impacts and Emerging Trends for Action’, Annual Review of Environment and Resources. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-environ-110615-085856 (10) Savannah Accelerated Development Authority (2017). Medium-Term National Development Policy Framework (MTDF) 2018-2021. Republic of Ghana. https://www.ndagh.org/application/files/1815/1455/4145/Final_Draft_SADA_MTDP_2018-2021.pdf (11) Republic of Ghana (2017). Coordinated Programme Of Economic And Social Development Policies (CPESDP) 2017-2024. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/new-ndpc-static1/CACHES/PUBLICATIONS/2018/04/11/Coordinate+Programme-Final+(November+11,+2017)+cover.pdf (12) Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development (2010). Environmental Sanitation Policy (Revised). http://www.ecowrex.org/system/files/repository/2010_environmental-sanitation-policy_ministry-of-local-government-and-rural-development.pdf (13) Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development (2010). National Environmental Sanitation Strategy And Action Plan NESSAP 2010-2015. https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/MLGRD-2010-National.pdf (14) Adank, M. (2013). Sustainability Check Of WASH Activities Ghana Country Report. Aguaconsult Ltd. https://www.aguaconsult.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/SustainabilityCheckReportGhana-FINAL-Jan-2013.pdf (15) Aguaconsult Ltd, MAPLE Consult (2011). Rural Sanitation Model And Costed Scaling Up Strategy For Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) & Hygiene In Ghana. https://useatoilet.files.wordpress.com/2015/12/rsms.pdf (16) Republic of Ghana. Local Government Act (Act 462) 1993. http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/gha91927.pdf (17) Ministry Of Sanitation And Water Resources (MSWR) (2020). http://mswr.gov.gh/ (18) Data.gov.gh (2020). Metropolitan, municipal and district assemblies in Ghana. Ghana Open Data Initiative. https://data.gov.gh/dataset/metropolitan-municipal-and-district-assemblies-ghana (19) Appiah-Effah, E., Duku, G. and Azangbego, N. (2019). ‘Ghana's Post-Mdgs Sanitation Situation: An Overview’, Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development. https://iwaponline.com/washdev/article/9/3/397/67971/Ghana-s-post-MDGs-sanitation-situation-an-overview (20), (21), (22) Republic of Ghana (2017). Coordinated Programme Of Economic And Social Development Policies (CPESDP) 2017-2024. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/new-ndpc-static1/CACHES/PUBLICATIONS/2018/04/11/Coordinate+Programme-Final+(November+11,+2017)+cover.pdf (23) Republic of Ghana (2019). Ghana Voluntary National Report On The Implementation Of The 2030 Agenda For Sustainable Development. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/23420Ghanas_VNR_report_Final.pdf (24) Oduro-Kwarteng, S., Monney, I. and Braimah, I. (2015). ‘Human Resources Capacity In Ghana's Water, Sanitation And Hygiene Sector: Analysis Of Capacity Gaps And Policy Implications’, Water Policy. https://iwaponline.com/wp/article-abstract/17/3/502/20206/Human-resources-capacity-in-Ghana-s-water?redirectedFrom=fulltext (25) Statista (2020). Ghana - Population Growth 2019 https://www.statista.com/statistics/447519/population-growth-in-ghana/#:~:text=In%202019%2C%20Ghana's%20population%20increased,compared%20to%20the%20previous%20year (26), (27) Ghana Statistical Service (2019). Survey Findings Report. Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017/2018. https://statsghana.gov.gh/gssmain/fileUpload/pressrelease/MICS%20SFR%20final_compressed.pdf (28) Implementation Completion and Results Report for Nairobi Sanitation OBA Project (P131512) AND Nairobi Sanitation OBA II Project (P162248), World Bank, 2019, http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/538801548820464282/pdf/Implementation-Completion-and-Results-Report-ICR-Document-Nairobi-Sanitation-Project-P131512.pdf (29) World Bank (2017). Kenya - Water and Sanitation Development Project Appraisal Document. http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/899451500992254422/pdf/Kenya-Water-PAD-04072017.pdf (30) UNDP/PwC Interviews, 2020. (31) United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene. https://www.unicef.org/ghana/water-sanitation-and-hygiene (32) World Bank (2020). Ghana To Provide 550,000 People with Improved Water and Sanitation Services. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/09/22/ghana-to-provide-550000-people-with-improved-water-and-sanitation-services (33) World Bank. People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water". https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.STA.HYGN.RU.ZS?locations=GH (34) Awunyo-Akaba, Y., Awunyo-Akaba, J., Gyapong, M., Senah, K., Konradsen, F. and Rheinländer, T. (2016). ‘Sanitation investments in Ghana: An ethnographic investigation of the role of tenure security, land ownership and livelihoods’, BMC Public Health https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-016-3283-7 (35), (36), (37), (38), (39) Republic of Ghana (2017). Coordinated Programme Of Economic And Social Development Policies (CPESDP) 2017-2024. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/new-ndpc-static1/CACHES/PUBLICATIONS/2018/04/11/Coordinate+Programme-Final+(November+11,+2017)+cover.pdf